Secondary Storage

Disk caching is a mechanism for improving the time to read from or write to a hard disk. The the disk cache is usually included as part of the hard disk. A disk cache can also be a specified portion of random access memory (RAM)
Redudant arrays of inexpensive disks (RAID) a technology that allowed computer users to achieve high levels of storage reliability from low-cost and less reliable PC-class disk-drive components, via the technique of arranging the devices into arrays for redundancy. RAID is now used as an umbrella term for computer data storage schemes that can divide and replicate data among multiple hard disk drives.
File compression and decompression is a codec can be though of as a list of instruction that identifies the methods usaed to compress data into fewer bytes, as well as doing just the opposite, decompressing it.

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